Best Online MPP Programs in California (2027 Rankings)
Compare accredited California MPP programs by cost, format, career outcomes, and time to completion.
By Max SheltonReviewed by PAP Editoral TeamUpdated August 29, 202625+ min read
What you’ll learn in this article…
California offers five online or hybrid MPP programs, with tuition ranging from $9,542 to $44,056 per year.
NASPAA accredited options provide the strongest credential for public sector careers in California's 1.9 million worker local government market.
Most online MPP programs in California can be completed in 18 to 24 months depending on enrollment pace.
Concentrations span environmental policy, national security, and data analytics, aligning with California's largest public sector needs.
California produces more legislative and regulatory activity than most countries, and its public-sector workforce of roughly 1.9 million creates steady demand for professionals who can design, analyze, and implement policy. Yet only five universities in the state currently offer an online or hybrid Master of Public Policy degree, with tuition ranging from about $9,500 at Sacramento State to over $44,000 at Pepperdine University.
That narrow field simplifies your search but sharpens the trade-offs. Program length spans 15 months to three years depending on format and enrollment status, and not every option carries NASPAA accreditation. For working professionals unable to relocate to Sacramento or Malibu, the hybrid delivery models now available represent a meaningful shift in access. Still, cost and credential differences between public and private options remain substantial, making it worth exploring best online public administration degree programs alongside MPP offerings before you commit.
Best Online MPP Programs in California: 2027 Rankings
The universe of fully online Master of Public Policy programs in California is small, so this list deliberately includes hybrid degrees with substantial online delivery as well as programs you can complete entirely remotely. Each school was evaluated on institutional quality, online flexibility, connection to California policy work, and the earnings of its graduates. The result is a selective starting point rather than a directory of every program.
Factors considered
Academic quality and graduation rates
Online and hybrid delivery flexibility
California policy relevance and connections
Tuition structure and available aid
Graduate earnings outcomes
Sources
NCES-IPEDS federal institutional data covering graduation rates, retention rates and student-faculty ratios — nces.ed.gov
Best for: Working Californians seeking complete remote access
University of Redlands offers its Master of Public Policy & Administration in fully online, hybrid, and on-campus formats, giving California professionals one of the few MPP options that can be completed entirely remotely. The 56-credit program costs about $49,392 in tuition, and its practitioner faculty teach policy writing, grant writing, program evaluation, and public budgeting. The university has an overall graduation rate of 67%, and College Scorecard reports median former-student earnings of approximately $72,700. Recent curriculum updates added data analytics and evaluation content requested by California agencies.
View program
56 credits at $882 per credit, about $49,392 total tuition
Fully online track with 8-week courses; hybrid and on-campus options
No standardized test or strict GPA minimum required
Practitioner faculty teach policy writing, grant writing, and budgeting
Cohort model designed for working professionals
Recent curriculum adds data analytics and evaluation content
Best for: Southern California professionals blending policy and management
California Lutheran University's Master of Public Policy and Administration blends policy analysis with management practice and can be completed entirely online, with hybrid and on-campus options as well. Designed for working professionals, the program runs 18 to 24 months and offers evening classes plus four start terms each year. The university's graduation rate is 70%, and College Scorecard shows median graduate earnings around $68,700. Employer tuition discounts and a Sacramento Policy Institute option deepen its appeal for California public servants.
View program
Completed in 18 to 24 months; up to seven years allowed
Entire course sequence can be completed online; evening classes offered
Four start terms: fall, winter, spring, summer
Sacramento Policy Institute option for direct state policy exposure
Small class sizes with interactive online formats
Scholarships, grants, veterans benefits, and employer discounts available
Blends public policy and public administration in one degree
Best for: Aspiring state policy leaders near the Capitol
University of the Pacific's Master of Public Policy is a 39-unit hybrid degree offered through McGeorge School of Law in Sacramento, minutes from the California State Capitol. The program combines online coursework with Saturday sessions and offers concentrations in environmental and water policy, public policy advocacy, nonprofit and social capacity management, and local government. The university's overall graduation rate is 69%, and College Scorecard reports median former-student earnings of about $78,400. Scholarships and externship options support working professionals.
View program
39-unit curriculum; two years full-time or three years part-time
Hybrid format blends online coursework with in-person Saturday sessions
Concentrations in environmental policy, public policy advocacy, nonprofit management, and local government
Offered through McGeorge School of Law near the California State Capitol
Core courses cover law, public policy, analytics, and leadership
Pepperdine University's Master of Public Policy is a 48-unit, 20-month program that pairs some online coursework with in-person daytime classes in Malibu, plus an optional Washington, DC track. Students choose from specializations such as American Policy and Politics, Applied Economic Policy, International Relations and National Security, and State and Local Policy. More than 95% of admitted students receive scholarships averaging 70% of tuition, and the university's graduation rate reaches 83%. College Scorecard lists median graduate earnings around $82,900.
View 4 programs
No entrance examTest optional
48-unit curriculum completed in 20 months
More than 95% of students receive scholarships averaging 70% tuition
No GRE or standardized tests required
Hybrid format with online coursework and in-person daytime classes
California State University, Sacramento offers a 36-unit Master of Public Policy and Administration grounded in the state capital, giving students direct access to legislative offices, state agencies, and Sacramento nonprofits. The hybrid program blends online course modules with evening meetings, and its state-supported tuition makes it a budget-friendly option for California residents. The university's overall graduation rate is 56%, and median former-student earnings are approximately $64,900. Admission requires a 2.75 GPA, a statement of purpose, and three recommendation letters.
View program
36-unit curriculum: 27 required units, 6 electives, and a culminating experience
Requires bachelor's degree, 2.75 GPA, statement of purpose, and three recommendations
Hybrid structure blends online modules with evening on-campus classes
Located minutes from the California State Capitol for internships and projects
State-supported tuition keeps costs low for California residents
Must maintain 3.0 GPA with no grade below B- in required courses
Targeted outreach to state agency and local government employees
Online MPP Tuition and Cost Comparison in California
Tuition for online MPP programs in California varies dramatically depending on whether you attend a public or private institution. The most affordable option, California State University-Sacramento, posts in-state tuition of $9,542, while Pepperdine University's tuition reaches $44,056, creating a spread of roughly $34,500 in published tuition alone. The net price figures shown below represent institution-level averages after financial aid and should not be treated as exact per-student quotes; your actual cost will depend on the aid package you receive. Program-level debt and monthly repayment estimates are not yet available for these programs, so we recommend contacting each school's financial aid office for the most personalized projections.
School
In-State Tuition
Out-of-State Tuition
Avg. Net Price (Institution-Level)
Median Graduate Debt
California State University-Sacramento
$9,542
$19,622
$9,338
$15,000
California Lutheran University
$22,046
$22,046
$30,109
$21,669
University of Redlands
$25,172
$25,172
$30,031
$26,000
Pepperdine University
$44,056
$44,056
$58,098
$23,510
University of the Pacific
$55,452
$55,452
$25,447
$19,500
NASPAA Accreditation and California Online MPP Programs
Accreditation is one of the first filters to apply when evaluating online MPP programs in California. Not all accreditation is created equal, and understanding the distinction between institutional and program-level recognition can save you from costly missteps.
What NASPAA Accreditation Means
The Network of Schools of Public Policy, Affairs, and Administration (NASPAA) is the global standard-setter for graduate education in public policy, public administration, and public affairs.1 When a program earns NASPAA accreditation, it signals three things to prospective students and employers:
Curriculum rigor: The program has met peer-reviewed standards for course content, faculty qualifications, and student learning outcomes.
Hiring signal: Many government agencies, nonprofits, and policy organizations specifically prefer or require candidates who hold degrees from NASPAA-accredited programs.
Financial aid eligibility: While regional accreditation is the baseline requirement for federal financial aid, NASPAA accreditation can open doors to additional fellowships and employer-sponsored tuition benefits tied to recognized policy programs.
One critical detail often overlooked: NASPAA accredits the individual program, not the university as a whole. A school can hold full regional accreditation through WASC or another recognized body and still lack NASPAA accreditation for its public policy or public administration degree.
Regional Accreditation vs. NASPAA Accreditation
Regional accreditation (such as WASC Senior College and University Commission accreditation, common among California institutions) confirms that the university meets broad educational quality standards across all its offerings. It is necessary for federal financial aid eligibility and credit transferability. NASPAA accreditation goes a layer deeper, evaluating the specific graduate program against discipline-specific benchmarks. Think of regional accreditation as the foundation and NASPAA accreditation as the professional seal.
Some California schools offering online or hybrid MPP-related programs hold regional accreditation but have not pursued or obtained NASPAA accreditation. That does not automatically disqualify the program, but it does mean you should scrutinize its curriculum, faculty credentials, and employer reputation more carefully.
Which California Programs Hold NASPAA Accreditation?
Based on the 2025-2026 roster of accredited programs, several California institutions hold current NASPAA accreditation for their MPA programs, including the University of Southern California, San Diego State University, Cal State Los Angeles, Cal Poly Pomona, Cal State San Bernardino, and Cal State Dominguez Hills.2 It is worth noting that these accredited programs are classified as MPA (Master of Public Administration) rather than MPP specifically. MPP and MPA degrees share significant overlap in coursework, but NASPAA accreditation attaches to the program as listed, not to a broader department.
Among the online and hybrid MPP programs featured in this article, institutions like University of the Pacific, Pepperdine University, University of Redlands, California State University Sacramento, and California Lutheran University offer degrees labeled as MPP or Master of Public Policy and Administration. These universities hold regional accreditation, but their public policy programs do not appear on the current NASPAA accredited roster.2 Schools such as California Baptist University and National University also fall into the regionally accredited category without NASPAA program accreditation.3
What This Means for Your Decision
If NASPAA accreditation is a priority, especially if you plan to pursue federal government roles or want maximum portability for your credential, confirm the specific program's accreditation status directly through NASPAA's published roster. Do not assume that because a university is well known or regionally accredited, its policy program automatically carries NASPAA recognition. For students drawn to one of the hybrid MPP programs ranked on this site, weigh the program's other strengths, such as concentrations, faculty expertise, location near state government hubs, and career placement support, alongside its accreditation profile.
Do you need a fully online program, or can you attend occasional on-campus intensives?
Some California MPP programs blend online coursework with short residencies for networking and capstone presentations. If travel to campus is not feasible, narrow your list to 100% online options before comparing anything else.
Is NASPAA accreditation a requirement for your target employers or career path?
Many government agencies and nonprofits prefer or require a NASPAA-accredited degree. If your goal is federal policy work or a competitive fellowship, accreditation status should be one of the first filters you apply.
Are you planning to study full-time or part-time, and does the program's pacing fit your timeline?
Full-time students can often finish in under two years, while part-time tracks may stretch to three or four years. Confirm whether your preferred program offers the schedule flexibility your work and personal commitments demand.
How Long Does an Online MPP Take in California?
Completion timelines for online Master of Public Policy programs in California vary depending on enrollment status, credit-hour requirements, and whether a program offers accelerated pacing. Understanding these variables will help you plan your schedule, budget, and career trajectory before you commit.
Typical Credit Requirements and Timelines
Most online MPP programs in California require between 40 and 56 credit hours, though the exact number differs by institution. Full-time students generally finish in two years (four to five semesters), while part-time students, who represent the majority of online enrollees, typically need three to four years. Some programs, such as those at USC and certain CSU campuses, structure their online curricula specifically for working professionals, offering evening or weekend coursework that assumes a part-time pace from the outset. Students weighing a closely related degree path may also want to explore mpa programs in california for comparison.
A handful of California programs have introduced accelerated tracks that compress the timeline to as few as 18 months for students who can handle a heavier course load. These options are less common and usually require continuous enrollment through summer terms, so verify availability on each program's curriculum or program overview page before building your plan around a faster finish.
Capstone, Thesis, and Internship Considerations
One factor that can extend your timeline is the culminating experience. California online MPP programs typically require a capstone project, a policy analysis thesis, or a supervised internship, and sometimes a combination of two. Capstone projects often span one or two semesters and may involve partnering with a government agency or nonprofit. Programs that mandate a fieldwork or internship component can add a semester if you cannot fulfill the requirement concurrently with coursework.
Because these requirements vary significantly from school to school, contacting the admissions office directly is one of the most reliable ways to get precise, up-to-date information. Ask specifically whether capstone or internship hours can overlap with regular coursework, as this overlap (or lack of it) meaningfully affects your total time to degree.
How to Verify Program-Specific Details
To get the clearest picture, follow these steps:
Check the program website: Look under sections labeled "Curriculum," "Program Overview," or "Academics" for credit-hour totals and sample course sequences.
Review the FAQ or admissions page: Many programs publish official statements on full-time versus part-time duration and note whether accelerated options exist.
Cross-reference with NASPAA: The Network of Schools of Public Policy, Affairs, and Administration maintains a searchable directory of accredited programs. Use it to identify accredited California MPP options, then return to each school's site for specifics.
Reach out to admissions: A quick phone call or email can clarify ambiguities around internship logistics, transfer credit policies, and summer enrollment that web pages sometimes leave vague.
Planning around realistic timelines, rather than best-case estimates, will set you up for a smoother experience. Whether you aim for an 18-month sprint or a four-year part-time pace, knowing your program's actual requirements is the first step toward making an informed decision.
Specializations and Concentrations Available Online
California's online MPP programs offer concentration tracks that align with distinct public-sector career paths. Environmental and water policy coursework, for example, prepares graduates for roles at agencies like the California Air Resources Board or regional water authorities. National security and international relations tracks open doors to federal positions, while state and local policy concentrations pair naturally with careers in city management or legislative analysis. Choosing a specialization early helps you build a targeted portfolio of coursework and internship experience.
Career Outcomes and Earnings for California MPP Graduates
California's public sector and policy ecosystem are among the largest and most complex in the nation, which translates into strong demand for professionals trained in quantitative policy analysis. Understanding where MPP graduates land, and what they earn, can help you weigh tuition costs against long-term return.
Program-Level Earnings: What the Data Shows
Program-level earnings data for the California online MPP programs featured in our rankings are not yet available through federal reporting channels. Because many of these programs are relatively new to the online or hybrid format, or have smaller cohort sizes, detailed post-completion earnings and employment figures have not been published at the program level. As this data becomes available in future reporting cycles, publicadministrationpolicy.org will update these listings so you can compare school-by-school outcomes directly.
In the meantime, broader labor market data offers a reliable proxy for what MPP-trained professionals earn in California.
California Salary Benchmarks for Policy-Related Occupations
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (May 2025 data, the most recent available), MPP graduates in California typically enter occupations that pay well above national averages.1 For a deeper look at public policy and administration salary benchmarks across roles, see our dedicated guide.
Management Analysts (SOC 13-1111): This is one of the largest landing spots for MPP holders. California employs tens of thousands of management analysts across virtually every metro area, with median annual wages that consistently exceed $100,000 statewide.
Urban and Regional Planners (SOC 19-3051): Another common career path, particularly for graduates with concentrations in environmental, housing, or local government policy. California metro areas report robust employment in this field, with median wages typically ranging from the mid-$80,000s to over $100,000 depending on the region.
Political Scientists (SOC 19-3094): This is a smaller, more specialized occupation. Employment data can be limited or suppressed in many California metros due to low headcounts, but where reported, median salaries tend to be among the highest for social science occupations.
It is worth noting that the BLS does not maintain a separate occupation category specifically for "policy analyst." Professionals with that title are typically counted within the political scientist, urban and regional planner, or management analyst categories, depending on their employer and day-to-day responsibilities.1
Top Career Paths for California MPP Graduates
The MPP opens doors across sectors. Explore our full careers in public policy overview for national context; the most common career paths for graduates in California include:
Policy Analyst: Conducting research, modeling outcomes, and advising legislators or agency leaders on the likely effects of proposed regulations or programs.
Legislative Aide: Supporting elected officials in the California State Legislature or in congressional offices with bill analysis, constituent research, and policy briefings.
Program Manager: Overseeing the implementation and evaluation of government or nonprofit programs, often in health, education, or social services.
Government Affairs Specialist: Representing organizations before state and local regulatory bodies, a role especially prevalent in Sacramento.
Nonprofit Leadership: Directing strategy, fundraising, and advocacy for mission-driven organizations across the state.
California's proximity to Sacramento, its massive county and municipal government apparatus, and its thriving nonprofit sector create a uniquely deep job market for MPP holders.
MPP vs. MPA: A Quick Distinction
If you are debating between an MPP and an MPA, the key difference is emphasis. The MPP centers on quantitative policy analysis: econometrics, cost-benefit modeling, statistical evaluation, and evidence-based decision-making. The MPA, by contrast, focuses on public administration and organizational management, covering budgeting, human resources, and leadership within government agencies. Several California programs, such as those at University of Redlands and California Lutheran University, blend elements of both under combined "Master of Public Policy and Administration" titles, giving graduates versatility across analytical and managerial roles.
For prospective students weighing career outcomes, the takeaway is encouraging: California's labor market rewards policy expertise generously, and an online MPP positions you to compete for roles that consistently pay above the state median wage across industries.
California's local government sector alone employed roughly 1.9 million workers as of early 2026, according to U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics data. That makes it one of the largest public-sector labor markets in the nation and a major reason policy-trained professionals remain in strong demand across the state.
Admissions Requirements and Selectivity
Getting into an online MPP program in California requires more than just filling out an application. Each university sets its own standards, and understanding what admissions committees look for will help you craft a stronger candidacy.
Institution-Level Selectivity
Admission rates vary considerably across the California schools offering online or hybrid MPP programs. At the institution level, California State University-Sacramento accepts roughly 94% of applicants, while Pepperdine University admits about 63%. University of the Pacific sits near 71%, California Lutheran University at about 76%, and University of Redlands at approximately 83%. Keep in mind that these figures reflect overall undergraduate admissions and do not represent the selectivity of each school's graduate MPP program specifically. Graduate admissions committees evaluate applicants through a separate lens that weighs professional readiness and academic preparation for policy work.
Typical Application Materials
Most California MPP programs share a common set of admissions requirements, though the details differ by school:
Bachelor's degree: A completed undergraduate degree from an accredited institution is universally required.
GPA minimums: Expectations range from no strict minimum (University of Redlands) to a 2.75 cumulative GPA (Sacramento State). Programs that set a floor often allow conditional admission for applicants who demonstrate strength in other areas.
Personal statement or statement of purpose: Nearly every program asks for a written essay explaining your policy interests, career goals, and reasons for pursuing the degree.
Letters of recommendation: Two to three letters are standard. Sacramento State requires three, while Redlands asks for two.
GRE or standardized tests: Many California MPP programs have moved to test-optional or test-free admissions. Pepperdine does not require the GRE, and Redlands has dropped standardized testing requirements entirely. This shift, which accelerated after 2020, has remained in place through 2026.
Resume or CV: Programs typically want to see your professional and volunteer experience in the public, nonprofit, or private sector.
Mid-Career Applicants Have an Edge
Several of these programs explicitly prioritize professional experience over test scores. California Lutheran University, for example, markets its MPPA to working professionals and offers weeknight and hybrid scheduling that accommodates full-time jobs. University of the Pacific situates its MPP near the State Capitol in Sacramento, attracting applicants already embedded in government and advocacy roles. If you bring three or more years of relevant work experience, that background can offset a lower GPA or the absence of standardized test scores. Candidates weighing whether to pursue an MPP or an online MPA should note that admissions criteria for both degrees increasingly favor demonstrated professional readiness.
Practical Tips for a Stronger Application
Applying to two or three programs gives you meaningful options without overextending your effort. Tailor each personal statement to the specific policy focus of the program. If a school emphasizes environmental and water policy, connect your experience or aspirations to that concentration. If another program highlights dispute resolution or local government, align your narrative accordingly. Admissions committees notice when a statement reads as generic, and a focused, program-specific essay signals genuine interest and preparation.
How to Choose the Right Online MPP in California
Choosing the right online MPP program goes beyond rankings. The best fit depends on how a program aligns with your schedule, budget, career goals, and professional network needs. Use the decision matrix below to compare California based online MPP options across five criteria that matter most. Keep in mind that even in an online format, a California program can offer meaningful proximity advantages: access to state capitol internships in Sacramento, connections to local and regional policy networks, and relationships with California government agencies that out of state programs rarely replicate.
Decision Criterion
What to Look For
California Program Advantage
Questions to Ask Yourself
Delivery Format
Determine whether the program is 100% online, hybrid with required campus visits, or offers optional in person residencies. Fully asynchronous formats offer the most flexibility for working professionals.
Hybrid programs in California may include residencies near Sacramento or Los Angeles, giving you face time with policymakers and classmates in key policy hubs.
Can I travel to campus periodically, or do I need a fully asynchronous option?
NASPAA Accreditation
Verify whether the program holds accreditation from the Network of Schools of Public Affairs and Administration. This is the gold standard for public policy and administration graduate programs.
Several California institutions hold NASPAA accreditation, which signals that the curriculum meets rigorous competency standards recognized by public sector employers statewide.
Does this program carry NASPAA accreditation, and does my target employer or agency require or prefer it?
Total Cost and Financial Aid
Compare tuition per unit, total credit requirements, fees, and available scholarships or employer tuition reimbursement eligibility. In state tuition rates at public universities can significantly reduce total cost.
California residents may qualify for reduced tuition at UC or CSU system schools, and some programs offer public service scholarships tied to California government employment.
What is the total out of pocket cost after financial aid, and does the program offer payment plans or assistantships?
Specialization Fit
Review available concentrations such as education policy, health policy, environmental policy, urban planning, or data analytics. Make sure the program's strengths align with the policy area you want to enter.
California programs often feature specializations in areas where the state leads nationally, including environmental regulation, immigration policy, technology governance, and housing policy.
Does this program offer a concentration or elective track that matches my professional interests and career goals?
Career Support Services
Evaluate access to career coaching, alumni networks, practicum or capstone partnerships, and job placement support. Strong career services can be the difference between a degree and a career launch.
California based programs frequently maintain direct pipelines to state and local government agencies, nonprofits, and policy research organizations across the state's major metro areas.
Does the career services office actively connect online students with internships, job postings, and alumni mentors?
Frequently Asked Questions About Online MPP Programs in California
Below are answers to the most common questions prospective students ask about pursuing an online Master of Public Policy in California. Each response draws on the program details, accreditation standards, and career data discussed throughout this guide.
Which California universities offer fully online MPP degrees?
Several California institutions offer fully online or primarily online MPP programs. Notable options include Pepperdine University, the University of Southern California (USC), and the University of California, Berkeley. A few other Cal State and private universities provide hybrid formats that combine online coursework with limited in-person intensives. Check each program's current delivery format, as some have shifted modalities in recent years.
Are online MPP programs in California NASPAA-accredited?
Some, but not all, online MPP programs in California hold NASPAA accreditation. USC's Sol Price School, for example, is NASPAA-accredited. NASPAA accreditation signals that a program meets rigorous standards for curriculum, faculty qualifications, and student outcomes. If accreditation matters for your career goals, confirm a program's current status on the NASPAA website before applying, as accreditation reviews occur on a regular cycle.
How long does it take to complete an online MPP in California?
Most online MPP programs in California require between 36 and 48 credit hours and can be completed in roughly two years of full-time study. Part-time students typically finish in three to four years. Some programs offer accelerated tracks that compress the timeline to as few as 16 months. Your pace will depend on course load, transfer credits, and whether the program includes a capstone or fieldwork requirement.
What is the typical tuition cost for an online MPP program in California?
Tuition for online MPP programs in California varies widely. Public university options may total roughly $25,000 to $45,000 for the full degree, while private institutions such as USC and Pepperdine can range from $60,000 to over $100,000. Many programs charge per-unit rates, so total cost depends on the number of required credits. Always factor in fees, technology charges, and potential travel costs for any in-person intensives.
What is the difference between an MPP and an MPA degree?
An MPP (Master of Public Policy) focuses on policy analysis, research methods, and quantitative evaluation, preparing graduates to design and assess public programs. An MPA (Master of Public Administration) emphasizes organizational management, leadership, and the implementation of policy within government and nonprofit settings. Both degrees lead to public service careers, but the MPP leans more analytical while the MPA leans more managerial. Some professionals choose based on whether they prefer shaping policy or running agencies.
What careers can you pursue with an MPP degree in California?
California MPP graduates work across government, nonprofits, consulting firms, and the private sector. Common roles include policy analyst, legislative aide, program evaluator, budget analyst, and research director. California's large state government, numerous advocacy organizations, and tech sector create especially strong demand for policy professionals. Many graduates also pursue roles at the federal level or with international organizations headquartered in the state.
Do online MPP programs require a GRE score?
GRE requirements vary by program. A growing number of California online MPP programs have adopted GRE-optional or GRE-waiver policies, particularly for applicants with substantial professional experience or strong undergraduate GPAs. Programs such as Pepperdine's online MPP do not require the GRE. Others, including some UC programs, may still recommend or require it. Review each school's latest admissions page, as testing policies have continued to evolve through 2026.
